Editing and Proofreading

Paragraph-level editing

A strong writing structure starts with your paragraphs as the building blocks of any argument. Each paragraph should neatly capture an idea from your essay, complete with supporting evidence and critical discussion. Following a four-part structure in every main body paragraph in your writing will help to ensure that your ideas are fully developed and follow a logical line of argument:

Topic sentence – The first sentence of your paragraph should introduce the main topic, theme or next step of your argument. Read this sentence on its own – it should neatly summarise what the reader can expect from your paragraph. If the paragraph links directly to the question or assessment criteria you’ve been set, think about what key words or synonyms would make this clear to the reader.

Introduce evidence - Before moving to your references, it is helpful to signpost to the reader what aspect of the literature you will talk about in more detail. Check you stay on topic here – paragraphs should have one clear idea backed up by evidence.

Evidence – When editing, double check your APA referencing is correct, using the Library Referencing guide. Also double check subject and verb agreement: e.g., Awona argues… vs. Awona et al. argue…

Discussion – Your paragraph should end with your interpretation of the evidence (for ideas on what to include here, see our guide to critical writing). When editing, check the last sentence of your paragraphs – if they end with a reference, make sure you follow up with a brief evaluation of the evidence or explain how it links back to your essay title.